NARORA STATION UNIT 1 WRECKED BY THE WORLD'S DAMS. SHUT DOWN ALL NUKES NOW!

THE WORLD’S DAMS CAUSED THE CATASTROPHIC FIRE AND DAMAGE ON 30 MARCH 1993, UTC, AT THE NARORA NUCLEAR POWERLESS STATION: SUICIDAL SACRIFICE BY MODERN CIVILIZATION. COMPARE FUKUSHIMA!

© 2017 Ramaswami Ashok Kumar

ABSTRACT

At 03 Hr. 31 Min. 40.004 Secs. on 31 March 1993 IST or 22 Hr. 01 Min. 40.004 Secs. on 30 March 1993 UTC, the turbine of Unit No. 1 at Narora Nuclear Powerless Station(3.Ashok Kumar R.) tripped with heavy vibrations, fire and station blackout with complete loss of power supply for 17 hours(1,BARC). Applying the Precautionary Principle (2,ECRR 2010) my analysis shows that the turbine tripped at its weakest point(turbine blade root) due to the application of a water moment surge with a vertically downward force at the centre of gravity of the World’s dams(4. Ashok Kumar R. 2015) due to a combined simultaneous worldwide dam content change resulting in  a 30g ground motion acceleration, while the station was designed for 0.32g ground motion acceleration.

The method exemplified by the calculations for the Narora blackout  catastrophe.

1 Find out the centre of gravity of the world’s dams during the hydrological year under study.

1.1 For this purpose, the data base for the worldwide earthquakes from magnitude 2 and above for the period 1 June 1992 to 31 May 1993 is got from USGS Data Base.

1.2 Compute the average deviation from the mean of the latitude and that from the mean of the longitude. Compute this for the period 1 June 1992 till and including  the instant at which the last earthquake occurred just before the time of the Narora turbine trip. This average deviation is the location of the centre of gravity of the world’s dams for the period under study. Here is the data:

1.3 Location of centre of gravity of the reservoirs of the world’s dams:

25.97979

82.58386

The Narora Nuclear Powerless Station is located at

28.15806

78.40944

This is 428 km away from this centre of gravity.
1.4 The data for the earthquake caused by the world's dams(4) just before the occurrence of the Narora Nuclear Station Fire:

Date and Time          Latitude  Latitude  Longitude  Longitude                  Depth,km  Mag,MM         SM      

1993-03-30T21:43:21.160Z

42.994

42.994

145.32

145.32

94.4

5

mb

0.003162

It occurred in Hokkaido, Japan Region.

 1.5 Legend: Mag, MM means magnitude of the earthquake in Moment magnitude units. SM denotes the Seismic Moment of the earthquake. The seismic moment  in Newton meters is got by multiplying SM by 10^19.05.

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1.6 Assuming that the stress at the hypocentre of the earthquake before it occurred to be five times the seismic moment in Newton meters(5), the dam content change at the instant summed up throughout the world’s dams works out to 0.003063 billion cubic meters. The weight of this change is

applied at the centre of gravity of the world’s dams. This weight applied a bending moment surge at

the Narora Nuclear Power station with a downward force of 30048559386 Newtons at time 21:48.85 UTC. The mass of Narora Unit 1 is 82.5 million kgs(for steel and concrete)(6). Assuming a mass of 100 million kgs for the 1991 vintage Narora pressurised heavy water reactor, the vertically downward acceleration of the Unit works out to 300.5 m/s/s or 30.63 g. What a terrible beyond design basis force causing this kind of vertical ground motion!  The ensuing vibrations and heat resulted in the complete destruction of Narora nuclear Unit 1 with a station black out of 17 hours.

1.7 As shown in reference 4, dams cause earthquakes. The earthquake data base is used to derive the dam content change which caused the earthquake. However, not all dam surges applied at various points of the earth manifest themselves as earthquakes but do destroy the infrastructure at the point of application of the dam surge as happened at Narora.

If it is true that worldwide dam content changes appearing at the centre of gravity of the water masses behind reservoirs are causing the earthquakes and other destruction including climate change, then all the earthquakes of the world must have a dominant destructive force applied at the hypocenters of the quakes emanating from the dynamics of the surges unleashed by the worldwide dam content changes acting in concert. The synchronous dance of earthquakes all over the world is graphically illustrated for various places on the earth (4). The dance of earthquakes around Narora in synchrony with the pattern of the world wide earthquakes due to the application of forces unleashed by the worldwide dam content changes acting in concert is no exception:

 

  

1.8 Let us compare this Narora Nuclear Unit 1  destruction and blackout with the Fukushima Daichi Nuclear Power Plant devastation and meltdown.

1.8.1 What ground motion acceleration was Fukushima Daichi designed for?

See the following extract:

From The Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Accident: Final Report of the AESJ ...

edited by Atomic Energy Society of Japan

 

Thus the Fukushima Daichi Plants were designed for a vertical ground motion acceleration of less than 0.45g.

1.9 Now see the destructive power of 5.6 million g’s applied by the world’s dam surges at the Fukushima Daichi Nuclear Station and compare it with what happened at the Narora Nuclear Station when such a dam surge but of 30g was applied (Table Fukushima):

 

We can similarly see the wrecking of the Kashiwasaki Kariwa nuclear station in July 2007 by dam surges causing a strong damquake directly underneath the station.

1.10  See in Figure 14,  the  dance of the cumulative annual number of damquakes 300 km around Fukushima Daichi in synchronism with that of the cumulative annual number of worldwide earthquakes from 1973 to 2014 just like those 500 km around Narora Nuclear Station as a function of mean  of the annual dam content change as  a percentage of the annual world dam capacity :

 

1.11 A note on the mean annual worldwide dam content change as a percentage(%) of annual World Dam Capacity and how it controls the cumulative annual number of earthquakes in each micro area and in the world as a whole. See Figures 14 and 23 above regarding the synchronous dances .

For each hydrological year 1 June Year i to 31 May year i+1, compute the average deviation of the mean of the earthquake locations . Also compute the mean of the earthquake epicentres. The average deviation is a measure of the centre of gravity of the world’s reservoirs behind the dams. Calculate the distance,d,in kilometres, km, between the centre of gravity and the mean location of the earthquakes. Compute the sum of the seismic moments of all the earthquakes during the period(SSM). The dam content change DBCM, in billion cubic meters(BCM) which caused the earthquakes, is then determined by dividing 5* SSM in newton-meters(Nm) by (10^15 *9.81*d). The factor 5 accounts for the stress at the earthquake hypocentre prior to the occurrence of the quake. In this instance DBCM was determined for each hydrological year from 1973 to 2013. The running mean for DBCM is computed for each year and expressed as a percentage of the worldwide annual dam capacity in BCM for the year. For each hydrological year, beginning with 1973, the cumulative sum of the annual number of earthquakes expressed as a percentage of the maximum of this cumulative sum for the hydrological years under study, 1973 to 2013. This cumulative sum of quakes as a function of the mean of the annual dam content change for Narora (figure 23) and Fukushima(Figure 14) show identical patterns for the earthquakes as a function of mean annual dam content changes for Narora and the world as well as for Fukushima and the World. Thus the dams control rigidly earthquakes on planet earth. Whether you choose a region around Peurto Rico or around the Boone dam the patterns are identically synchronous with that for the worldwide earthquakes as a function of the mean annual dam content changes. For Narora it was a dam content change for a 5 MM quake equivalent to a 30g vertically downward ground motion acceleration.. For Kashiwasaki Kariwa it was a dam content change for a 6.8 MM earthquake directly under the nuclear plants and for Fukushima it was a great 9 MM magnitude earthquake caused by a dam content change of a huge 9863 BCM which was equivalent to 5.6 million g ground motion acceleration. The huge 9863 BCM dam content change included the tsunami dam content change. It killed 15703 people. The Tohoku quake occurred an hour  or so  BEFORE THE TSUNAMI HIT Soma, Fukushima with a 9.3 m high wave just 43 km from FUKUSHIMA DAICHI, which in turn was 152 km from the 9.0 MM great Tohoku earthquake of 11 March 2011. See Table Fukushima above.

See the tsunami history(JMA published on 13 March 2011): See 7. Wikipedia

 



2.0 References and Notes

1. BARC 2000: A PERSPECTIVE ON HUMAN RELIABILITY ANALYSIS (HRA)

by K. Subramaniam Reactor Safety Division

and

STUDIES ON THE APPLICATION OF HRA TO INDIAN PRESSURISED HEAVY WATER REACTORS

by K. Subramaniam, R.K. Saraf, V.V.S. Sanyasi Rao and V.Venkat Raj Health, Safety and Environment Group, B ARC and R.Venkatraman Directorate of Operations, NPCIL

BHABHA ATOMIC RESEARCH CENTRE MUMBAI, INDIA 2000

2. ECRR 2010: 2010 Recommendations of the ECRR The Health Effects of Exposure to Low Doses of Ionizing Radiation. Regulators' Edition. Edited by Chris Busby with  Rosalie Bertell, Inge Schmitz-Feuerhake,  Molly Scott Cato and Alexey Yablokov. Published on behalf of the European Committee on Radiation Risk  Comité Européen sur le Risque de l’Irradiation. Green Audit 2010

Page 30, The Precautionary Principle.

3. Ashok Kumar R. 2004. Dynamic Energy Analysis of the Indian Nuclear Power Programme.

Link: http://energyauditnuclearprogrammeindia.blogspot.in/2006/08/dynamic-energy-analysis-of-indian.html

4. Ashok Kumar R. 2015. The science of dams causing earthquakes and climate change

Link: http://predictingquakes.blogspot.in/2015/04/the-science-of-dams-causing-earthquakes.html

5. Ashok Kumar R. 2005. Earthquakes Caused by Dams.

Link at: http://earthquakescausedbydams.blogspot.in/2006/07/title-earthquakes-caused-by-dams.html

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6. Link: http://www.nextbigfuture.com/2008/10/power-to-overall-weight-ratio-aspect-of.html

“Current light water nuclear reactor power plants have 36-51 tons of steel per MWe and 324 tons of cement per MWe."

7. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2011_T%C5%8Dhoku_earthquake_and_tsunami
End of paper.

20 March 2017.