The Way Forward on
Climate Change
Revised 9 Sep 2019
© 2019 Ramaswami Ashok Kumar
© 2019 Ramaswami Ashok Kumar
By Ramaswami Ashok Kumar, Negentropist,
B.E.,M.E., Bombay Sarvodaya
Mandal, 299, Tardeo Road, Nana Chowk, Mumbai-400007.
1.0 PRELUDE
Let us first offer a sad prelude and offer
our condolences to the families of the bereaved in the fire on M.V. Conception
on September 2 2019 at around 3:08 AM PDT(10:08 UTC)
when it was anchored off Platts Harbour, a small
undeveloped bay on the north shore of Santa Cruz Island, California, USA. The
forces of World Dam Dynamics caused the fire as can be inferred by application
of the precautionary principle, regarding the unfamiliarity of specialists that
modern civilization consists of, regarding the forces alluded to. See for
example my research work at
based on which the following comment is made:
1.1 Ball Park
Estimate of the Incipient Fire.
The last report from
Conception was at 10:08
UTC on 2 September 2019. At that time an earthquake caused by dams
of 3.5 MM moment
magnitude occurred and the World Dam
Dynamics caused a force to be applied to the MV Conception which caused a shock
heat energy input equivalent to a shock input temperature rise of the ship of
more than a million degrees C:
02-09-2019 T10:08:07Z Lat 16.3 Long -97.93 depth 30km,
magnitude 3.5 MM at OAXACA, Mexico.
This same World Dam
Dynamics, by direct heating up of the earth, is causing the large temperature
rise of the earth resulting in climate change. May the leaders of the world set
my work to be reviewed by the population at large with the help of people
familiar with public interest science. See
https://livingnormally.blogspot.com/2019/09/a-study-on-fire-on-mv-conception-on-2.html
and
https://livingnormally.blogspot.com/2019/09/a-study-on-fire-on-mv-conception-on-2.html
and
2.0 The Amazon Forest Fire has also been caused
by man also and mainly because of World Dam Dynamics.
2.01 Temperature Rise in the Amazon Forest due
to World Dam Dynamics.
Applying a similar
line of investigation followed in the link above of World Dam Dynamics, my work
shows that between 1 October 2018 to 26 August 2019,in
the Amazon, an average shock input temperature rise of 14000 K to 38000 K can
be expected to occur at 95% confidence level, every 28 minutes over an area of
5.5 km^2 considering a 1m thickness of earth. The maximum shock input
temperature rise calculates to more than 90 million degrees K which could have occurred
over the specified magnitude of area in the Amazon when an 8 MM earthquake
occurred in Lagunas Peru caused by World Dam dynamics:
M 8.0 - 78km SE of
Lagunas, Peru
2019-05-26 07:41:15
(UTC)5.812°S 75.270°W122.6 km depth.
2.02 Groundwater Recharging Capacity of the
Amazon Rainforests and the Power Flow through them contrasted with World Dam
Capacity and Global Electrical Generating Capacity.
Above and Below
Ground dry biomass density of the Amazon Rainforest is 42 kg/m^2. Over 5.5
million km^2 of the forest, the daily water transpired is 2.31E+14 kg.
Over 5.5 km^2 of
Amazon Rainforest, the rainforest mass of Amazon is A=2.31E+14 kg. This forest
biomass transpires its own weight of water per day. The power flow through the
rainforest via the sun is 540Kcal/kg* 1.163E-3 kWh/kg*A kWh/(10hrs
sunlight per day)kW/10E6 Million kW= 14527262 GW= 14527.262 TW. The total
electrical capacity of the World is 7.4 TW. Thus the power flow through the
Amazon Rainforest is about 1960 times the total World Electrical generating
capacity today! The total water annually transpired by the Amazon forest is
84315 BCM which is about 5.62 times the World Dam estimated capacity of about
15000 BCM. The Amazon Rainforest full of life keeps the Amazon river flowing with a diversity of life.
2.03 How do the World’s natural forests compare
with the Brazilian forests?
Table 1 answers all
that:
The S American and Brazilian Natural Forests have the same above and below ground dry biomass density of about 400 t/ha.
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The world dry biomass density(Above and below ground) is about half that of the S. American natural forests.
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So there is good reason for the rest of the world to wake up and buck up to build their natural forests.
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It involves all the knowledge the world can muster to bring back the natural forests.
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It involves all the knowledge the world can muster to bring back the natural forests.
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This work requires the cooperation of all concerned including that of the Brazilian government and the rest.
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The amount of water transpired by the natural forests of the world is 8.4E+11 t/d
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The transpiration through the natural forests of the rest of the world is =
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6.09482E+11
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t/d
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The power flow through the rainforests of the rest of the world is=
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2.638450216
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fold that through the Amazon forest
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The area of the world's natural forests is
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3943030326
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ha
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The above and below ground dry biomass of the world
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8.40482E+11
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t
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The area of the Amazon Rainforest is
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550000000
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ha
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The above and below ground dry biomass of the Amazon Rainforest
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2.31E+11
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t
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The area of the rest of the world's natural forests
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3393030326
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ha
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The above and below ground dry biomass of the rest of the world
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6.09482E+11
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t
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The area of the rest of the world's natural forests,ha/The area of the Amazon Rainforests,ha
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6.169146
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Transpiration of the Amazon Rainforest is
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2.31E+11
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t/d
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Transpiration of the Rest of the World's natural forests,t/d/Transpiration of the Amazon Rainforest, t/d
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2.63845
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The Area of the World's land mass,km^2
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14,89,39,063.13
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14893906313
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ha
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The Area of Brazil,km^2
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84,56,510
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845651000
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ha
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The area of the Landmass of the rest of the world(World-Brazil)
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14048255313
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ha
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The area of the rest of the land mass of the world/Area of landmass Brazil
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16.61235582
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ha/ha
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The above and below ground dry biomass density of the rest of the world, t/ha
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179.6276312
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t/ha
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The above and below ground dry biomass density of the Amazon Rainforest, t/ha
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420
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t/ha
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The AG&BG Dry Biomass Density of Amazon/AG&BG Dry Biomass Density of the Rest of the World
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2.33817
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The World Population(human)
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Population
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(Human)
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7.7
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Billion
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in Sep 2019
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The Population of Brazil(Human)
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21,13,21,579
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in Sep 2019
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World Population/Brazil Population(2019)
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36.43735787
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in Sep 2019
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Rest of World Population(World-Brazil)
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7,48,86,78,421
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in Sep 2019
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Rest of World Population(World-Brazil)/Brazil Population
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35.43735787
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in Sep 2019
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Borneo Forest Data
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See https://data.mongabay.com/borneo.html
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We must move to towards an international program of reforestation with all its difficulties(the solution is possible because of the ignorance which makes us feel it is difficult).
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The annual groundwater recharging capacity of amazon rainforest is 84315 BCM.
The rest of the world's is 222461 BCM.This is 14.83 fold the estimated world dam capacity of 15000 BCM.
Also see the research which brings out the greater density of forests biomass in Borneo, the destruction of which is the tragedy wrought by modern civilization and its protagonists.
The rest of the world's is 222461 BCM.This is 14.83 fold the estimated world dam capacity of 15000 BCM.
Also see the research which brings out the greater density of forests biomass in Borneo, the destruction of which is the tragedy wrought by modern civilization and its protagonists.
See the richness of Borneo destroyed by the West and its lackeys:
Assessment of Above-Ground Biomass of Borneo Forests through a New Data-Fusion Approach Combining Two Pan-Tropical Biomass Maps
Abstract:
This study investigates how two existing pan-tropical above-ground biomass (AGB) maps (Saatchi 2011, Baccini 2012) can be combined to derive forest ecosystem specific carbon estimates. Several data-fusion models which combine these AGB maps according to their local correlations with independent datasets such as the spectral bands of SPOT VEGETATION imagery are analyzed. Indeed these spectral bands convey information about vegetation type and structure which can be related to biomass values. Our study area is the island of Borneo. The data-fusion models are evaluated against a reference AGB map available for two forest concessions in Sabah. The highest accuracy was achieved by a model which combines the AGB maps according to the mean of the local correlation coefficients calculated over different kernel sizes. Combining the resulting AGB map with a new Borneo land cover map (whose overall accuracy has been estimated at 86.5%) leads to average AGB estimates of 279.8 t/ha and 233.1 t/ha for forests and degraded forests respectively. Lowland dipterocarp and mangrove forests have the highest and lowest AGB values (305.8 t/ha and 136.5 t/ha respectively). The AGB of all natural forests amounts to 10.8 Gt mainly stemming from lowland dipterocarp (66.4%), upper dipterocarp (10.9%) and peat swamp forests (10.2%). Degraded forests account for another 2.1 Gt of AGB. One main advantage of our approach is that, once the best fitting data-fusion model is selected, no further AGB reference dataset is required for implementing the data-fusion process. Furthermore, the local harmonization of AGB datasets leads to more spatially precise maps. This approach can easily be extended to other areas in Southeast Asia which are dominated by lowland dipterocarp forest, and can be repeated when newer or more accurate AGB maps become available.
URI:
So there is a problem with modern civilization. And it is not Brazil alone.
