Thursday, April 8, 2021

World dam dynamics is the root cause of the ongoing flattening of the Himalayas, of the COVID19 PanDAMic waves and other irreversible effects on the earth.

 

The Yarlung Tsangpo landslide, the Chamoli landslide and the Covid19 and variants Pandamic surges are caused by the World’s Dams.

© 2021 Ramaswami Ashok Kumar

Author: Ramaswami Ashok Kumar, B.E., M.E., Negentropist, Bombay Sarvodaya Mandal, 299, Tardeo Road, Nana Chowk, Mumbai.

Abstract

The cause of the Chamoli and Yarung Tsangpo avalanches and of the COVID 19 pandamic waves is  World Dam Dynamics(1-4,8). A way out of the shortcomings of the vaccine truce being bought with nature is suggested. Supplementing the mitigation of the effects of modern civilization by analogous reforestation and application of the knowledge base of successful experiential wisdom gained by application of public interest science as in homeopathic system is proposed for the emergency way forward. This may be democratically considered and implemented urgently seeing the utter mess in which the all eggs in one basket approach of experimental vaccination and utter failure in its timely implementation in the wide world with irreversible collateral damage to the way we are living in this society of specialists.

Keys: World dam dynamics, root cause of the illnesses of modern civilization, specialists and their catastrophic limitations in maintaining health of all life.

 

Date: 4-4-2021

1. A despecialised discussion of modern civilisation’s self-destruction by dams.

1.1 Both the mass murderers- The Chamoli landslide- glacier breakaway(Uttarkhand) and the Yarlung Tsangpo landslide(Tibet) had a common cause: World Dam Dynamics. The Chamoli disaster was preceded by a 6.5 MM magnitude earthquake on 7 February 2021 and the Tsangpo blockage by a 7 MM magnitude earthquake on 20 March 2021(both quakes caused by the world’s dams). Note that the March 2021  surge in COVID 19 pandamic infection’s  daily cases and deaths and those following were, are and will be also due to World dam dynamics, being preceded by several major earthquakes(>= 7 MM moment magnitude) and one great earthquake of 8.1 MM moment magnitude which occurred on 4 March 2021. IT DOES NOT MATTER WHERE THE EARTHQUAKES OCCURRED (Pl see: Note carefully and discuss this issue  via public interest science not the vested interest science which makes assumptions they choose to get at the conclusions they want) since all these are due to the World dam content changes acting at the center of gravity of the World dam contents)(Ref 2,3,4).

1.2 Take repeated looks at the World Dam Dynamics which also caused the American Flu Pandamic of 1918(Ref 2), the COVID19 Pandamic of December 2019(Ref 3) continuing with the giant second wave of COVID19 Pandamic(Earthquake data from USGS Earthquake Search web site):

1)2021-03-04T19:25:57.724Z  La -37.6594 Lo 179.6069     Depth       10       Magnitude 5.2            mb      SM 0.006309573              83       1.037 0.99   us        us7000dhr6 2021-03-12T22:36:36.040Z 178 km NE of Gisborne, New Zealand           earthquake World Dam Content Change 0.0033 BCM

2)2021-03-04T19:28:32.819Z La         -29.7347      Lo -177.2817   Depth       26.45             8.1            mww SM 141.2537545             21       0.746 0.67   us        us7000dflf   2021-03-13T21:28:11.565Z Kermadec Islands, New Zealand          earthquake World Dam Content Change 74.712 BCM

Note: SM denotes Seismic Moment (of earthquake of moment magnitude denoted  by MM)=10^(1.5*MM-10).

1.3 In just 2 minutes 35 seconds from earthquake 1 to earthquake 2, the Centre of Gravity of the World’s Dams at Lat 24.96423, Long 98.79828 experienced a change in World’s Total  Lake Contents  from a change of 0.0033 BCM(billion cubic meters) to a change of  74.712 BCM, a water pressure rate of change in 155 seconds from 3300 km water column height to 74.712 million km water column height! This is a water demand of 7.86 fold Sardar Sarovar’s total storage capacity in 155 seconds or 3 times the total storage of Sardar Sarovar lake per minute. This is a rate of change of pressure build up at the Centre of Gravity of the World’s Dams at  54471 times the height of Mount Everest of 8.846 Km AMSL. You see the rate of change of ecology upstream as well as downstream of the World’s dams, the glistening waters oscillated at this rate on 4 March 2021!  The reaction is COVID 19 viruses and their variants and a host of other evolutionary disturbances at this magnitude of water level changes every second! Can you work out dear reader the changes which brought about the avalanches on 7 February 2021 with a 6.5 MM quake (Chamoli glacier  break) and the Yarlung Tsangpo break with a 7 MM earthquake?

1.4 Look at the Yarlung Tsangpo landslide( Earthquake data from USGS earthquake search website):

            3)2021-03-20T08:26:02.728Z  -5.9247         130.4729     104.92          4.5      mb            0.000562341                      107     2.202 0.41   us        us7000dl6s 2021-03-20T08:40:44.040Z 254 km W of Tual, Indonesia     earthquake 5          8.2      0.118 21            reviewed     us        us        3.15479E+16          24.96423     98.79828     4851.119617            4.75895E+19          WORLD DAM CONTENT CHANGE 0.000662917 BCM

            4)2021-03-20T09:09:45.279Z  38.4752        141.6069     54       7          mww            3.16227766            60       2.349 1.03   us        us7000dl6y 2021-03-21T22:39:02.030Z            27 km ENE of Ishinomaki, Japan           earthquake 7.3      4.7      0.061 26       reviewed            us        us        1.77407E+20          24.96423     98.79828     4274.217167            4.19301E+19          WORLD DAM CONTENT CHANGE 4.231013516 BCM

1.5 The site at which the landslide occurred is 29.815, 94.932. That is 29* 48’ 54”, 94*55’55.2”: See Google Earth view of the site:

Figure GE1: Tsangpo slide 20Mar2021-1(2): Tibetan Area of the river Yarlung Tsangpo


1.6  Figure GE2: Zoom to  upper site of the monstrous landslide: Tsangpo2 (2).


Figure GE3: Lower site of the landslide, TSANPO3(2).




1.6 See how the massive landslide blocking the Yarlung Tsangpo took place as analysed in Table 1(Table 1(2)).


1.7 Now lets look at the Chamoli landslide of 7 February 2021:

            5) 2021-02-07T05:27:33.763Z -59.4201      -25.8521      35       4.5      mb            0.000562341                                  South Sandwich Islands region earthquake 3.15479E+16          24.96423    98.79828     14313.57211          1.40416E+20            0.000224674 BCM

            6) 2021-02-07T05:45:51.377Z -3.3226         146.1444     10       6.3      mww            0.281838293                                  189 km SW of Lorengau, Papua New Guinea            earthquake 1.58114E+19          24.96423    98.79828     5996.781764            5.88284E+19          0.268771214 BCM

1.8 The different elevations shown in the  pictures of the Tapovan glacier area, 2978m(At about the Nanda Devi glacier: Trishul Peak?) and 2055m to 1800 m at  Tapovan Hydroelectric Plant of NTPC  means that the glacier broke away and the avalanche happened because of a shock input temperature at about the Nanda Devi glacier  of 4.9 Million deg Kelvin and a 1s shock  displacement of 2.4 km by a sudden dam content increase of .269 BCM at the time a 6.3 MM earthquake took place at Guyana at 545 hrsZ on 7 Feb2021.Actually at 5:14 hZ as the dynamic  quake surge moved from Tarapaca Chile to Guyana from 514 to 545 it met Nanda Devi Glacier/Reni glacier during this period of movement of the dam surge between 515hZ to  535hZ to cause the catastrophic avalanche and  glacier break. See Table NDAG2021 below.

1.9 Re: https://indianexpress.com/article/explained/uttarakhand-glacier-flash-flood-rishiganga-death-toll-7180258/

The World's dam contents changed by 269 Million Cubic meters in a matter of seconds at 1045 IST on 7 Feb 2021,causing a downwards suddenly applied force of 2.64 trillion Newtons at the mountain rocks above the glacier near Tapovan  dam situated some 900m below the glacier. This caused the avalanche to brake the Reini glacier and all hell broke loose. Reference: See Google Earth pictures below. See what happened:

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qFalSXuXLVE&t=311s

Similar avalanche took place at Mt Everest during the Nepal quake of 7.8 MM magnitude. See Ramaswami Ashok Kumar.2015.Predicting Earthquakes: The science of dams causing earthquakes and climate change. Blogspot.(Ref 4). See in Table NQ  my present treatment of the Nepal tragedy similar to the analyses given here for Yarlung Tsangpo and Chamoli Tapovan Hydro Avalanche: How many people are still missing at the hydel plant at Tapovan?


The water column pressure suddenly increased by 35000 Mount Everests per second  at the time of the Nepal 7.8 Magnitude earthquake CAUSED BY THE WORLD’S DAMS to create death and destruction at the base camp and in Nepal’s capital!

The Projects view through Google Earth in the Uttarkhand area.

Figure GE4: Google Earth view of some Himalayan Hydro Projects . 7 April 2021(2).


Figure GE4A: The Tapovan Vishnugad Hydro Power Project and the NTPC Tapovan Hydro Plant locations




1.10 Re: https://indianexpress.com/article/explained/uttarakhand-glacier-flash-flood-rishiganga-death-toll-7180258/

Its not the mountains, its the wild man and his dams thats the brute force behind relegating the human a junior partner in nature to the fossil records. Watch this suicide fully or act to demolish modern civilization, the cause of COVID19 and all other effects being seen. One of the prime causes of modern civilization: World Bank, IMF, WTO and other wild destroyers of nature.

1.11 https://indianexpress.com/article/explained/early-warning-system-for-glaciers-flash-floods-uttarakhand-7187580/

https://www.rediff.com/news/interview/can-more-disasters-happen-in-uttarakhand/20210212.htm

1.12 Remove the root cause. Demolish all the dams of the world asap in a way which is in harmony with nature and uses Public Interest Science. Use the dam waters to create forests. Recreate ecologically diverse analogous forests. Enjoy living energy in use in cooperatives to renature the earth. Why are MNREGA schemes as created are examples of Moorkhapaddhati? Because they are useless actions ignoring the vast destruction of forests by dams which are infinitely inferior to forests because they are dead structures- slaves of gravity- incapable of the giant sucking action of the long lived plants working against gravity with their automatic atmospheric water distribution network making use of the transpired water several times .The dams do not  non-clonally reproduce like forests and cause pandemics by destroying river ecology by dividing it into upstream and downstream evils, causing earthquakes, landslides, extremes of temperature and result in climate change. See the 75 completed dams in the Himalayas crushed one by one or together BECAUSE OF THE WORLD’S DAMS. Ignore this fact and you will be relegated to the fossil records soon. Appreciate the infinite deficiency of the dams as surface water storage designs. See Ramaswami Ashok Kumar. PERFECT DESIGNS. Blogspot.

The Tapovan floods and the avalanche at the Trishul peak. Google earth pictures.

Figure GE5: The NTPC Tapovan Hydro Power plant. Chamoli(2).



Figure GE6: A view of the Avalanche area near Joshimath. Chamoli2(2).




Figure GE7: The NTPC Tapovan Hydro plant washed away by floods 7 February 2021. Chamoli3(2).jpg




In the google earth picture below, the red circle is the NTPC Tapovan Hydroelectric Project and the green circle is the Trishul Peak.

Figure GE8: The NTPC Tapovan Hydroelectric Plant and The Trishul Peak. Trishul Peak break by World’s Dams,7 Feb  2021.1021IST.



1.12.1 The following blog indicates the avalanche position near Trishul Peak:

https://blogs.agu.org/landslideblog/2021/02/15/perspectives-on-the-chamoli-debris-flow-disaster-in-uttarakhand/

The contention of the rock avalanche is justified in section 1.13 giving new insights of involvement of World Dam Dynamics.

1.13 See Table NDAG2021 which derives that the rate of change of pressure change  at about the Nanda Devi Glacier( Trishul Peak) suddenly attained 27.5 Mt. Everests per second causing the avalanche and the washing away of the Tapovan Hydro Station(Red):


1.14 Conclusions

The above discussion on dams show the direction  which India and others are taking regardless of the imminent significant possibility of the human being, a junior partner of nature being relegated to the fossil records by nature. It is time to heed the dire signals from nature. The World’s dams are attacking Himalayas and other mountain ranges themselves and shaving them off the planet!  Take note and create diverse communities to reforest mother earth and to enjoy living energy including the standing people, the plants. Use water from the dams and involve public interest science to regenerate the forests as a millennium set of very large number of infinitely diverse biospheres. The various peaceful actions by the peoples to bring back health to the planet is about to expand and encompass the entire planet. A prelude is the way nature is forcing the wild man to behave by shutting down his jobless nature destroying suicidal path. But the only feeble Moorkhapaddhati displayed by the wild men is even now the half-hearted effort to buy a truce with the earth by half baked vaccines to prick off all the human beings!

There is a better way to buy the truce with nature: Harmonise with her!  Imitate nature beyond understanding. The Ministry of Ayush has implemented in a democratic way the various systems of medicine which people have benefitted from their practice in India and elsewhere. In my work

https://livingnormally.blogspot.com/2020/09/modern-civilization-causes-covid19.html

I commented:

Niti Aayog should plan to abandon modern civilization recognizing its rapidly spreading omnicidal nature. Simultaneously it should plan an emergency law to create millions of jobs in millions of cooperatives managed by the people in a plan of demolishing dams and ecological  reforestation so that gross nature product matches the nation’s requirements. It should plan to implement  an appropriate  cycle in harmony with nature of production, consumption and RETURN with due input of enormous local talent available waiting to be harnessed harmoniously with nature to bring back conditions causing the genesis and support of living beings based on public interest science- on true knowledge. The world leaders must ratify a Global and local Ecology Act that must be adopted unanimously by the UN General Assembly, so as to ensure survival of all life(6).   The finances must come through a mechanism to abandon useless suicidal actions of modern civilization like nuclear energy (7).”

Further,

“India's policies would immensely benefit life at large by application of public interest science to tackle the COVID19 pandemic. The perfect vaccine may be immediately available for application to the public at large. See

https://www.researchgate.net/publication/341548640_ARSENICUM_ALBUM_COVERS_THE_NEW_EMERGING_COMPLICATIONS_OF_COVID-19_-_AN_ANALYSIS

The success of such drugs(Anti Flu) during the 1918 American Flu Pandemic has been widely recognized. With India and others facing vaccine shortages, it is humane to administer homeo drugs like arsenicum album 200c to the uncovered people so the surges and their  effects are minimized.

 

2 REFERENCES

1. Reference for location data:

https://sandrp.in/2021/03/30/massive-landslide-on-yarlung-tsangpo-on-march-22-2021/

2. Ramaswami Ashok Kumar. 2009. Modern Civilisation: The 1918-1919 Pandemic Flu: Dams the cause at the URL:

https://stopflowcatchflu.blogspot.com/2009/05/modern-civilisation-1918-1919-pandemic.html

3. Ramaswami Ashok Kumar. 2020. CORONAVIRUS AND LIFE IN 2020- A Macro Perspective at the URL:

https://livingnormally.blogspot.com/2020/03/coronavirus-and-life-in-2020-macro.html

4. Ramaswami Ashok Kumar. 2015. The science of dams causing earthquakes and climate change at the URL:

https://predictingquakes.blogspot.com/2015/04/the-science-of-dams-causing-earthquakes.html

5. Aichen Zheng, Feng Huang, Zhengdong Tang, Zhaoyi He, "Stability Analysis of Neighborhood Tunnels with Large Section Constructed in Steeply Jointed Rock Mass", Mathematical Problems in Engineering, vol. 2020, Article ID 9641291, 14 pages, 2020. https://doi.org/10.1155/2020/9641291

https://www.hindawi.com/journals/mpe/2020/9641291/

6. These disasters are Unstoppable: Rediff.com:

https://www.rediff.com/news/interview/these-disasters-are-unstoppable/20210215.htm

7. 'The Garhwal mountain range is perhaps the most fragile ecosystem'

By ARCHANA MASIH

https://www.rediff.com/news/interview/explained-what-caused-the-chamoli-disaster/20210209.htm

8. Ramaswami Ashok Kumar.2006. Earthquakes Caused by Dams. Blogspot. At the link:

https://earthquakescausedbydams.blogspot.com/2006/07/title-earthquakes-caused-by-dams.html










11 comments:

Ramaswami Ashok Kumar said...

Re:
https://www.nytimes.com/2021/04/07/health/coronavirus-lab-leak-who.html
The community is still a long way from the truth. For a glimpse of the truth see
https://livingnormally.blogspot.com/2021/04/world-dam-dynamics-is-root-cause-of.html

Ramaswami Ashok Kumar said...

Re Homeopathy the helpful attitude of the Indian Government in promoting the facilitation of various systems of medicine via the Dept of Ayush may be noted:
See
https://www.aninews.in/news/national/general-news/sc-allowed-homeopathy-as-add-on-to-standard-care-in-covid-19-treatment-kiren-rijiju-informs-lok-sabha20210212203857/

Ramaswami Ashok Kumar said...



Who is heating the earth? It is not the sun that you have to reflect that which preserves life. World Dam Dynamics is directly heating the earth. It is modern civilization which is suicidal with its specialist approaches. See
Ramaswami Ashok Kumar. 2021. PERFECT DESIGNS: World dam dynamics is the root cause of the ongoing flattening of the Himalayas, of the COVID19 PanDAMic waves and other irreversible effects on the earth. Blogspot.
https://livingnormally.blogspot.com/2021/04/world-dam-dynamics-is-root-cause-of.html
Please note that this is not a conspiracy theory. This is the truth and based on Public Interest Science. Those who claim this is a conspiracy theory without an iota of justification are indulging in calumny.

Ramaswami Ashok Kumar said...

My comment above beginning with Who is heating the earth is in response to the following article:
https://countercurrents.org/2021/04/cooling-the-planet/

Ramaswami Ashok Kumar said...

Sanket Upadhyay is conducting the big fight right now(11-Apr-2021) and one of the statements made is no one could have predicted the second surge- collective complacency. Sanket I have been forwarding to ndtv my research works on the subject. I predicted the surge last year in March. See my work duly forwarded to you:
this blog on which I am commenting. Why this complacency on the part of all these concerned?
If only they had followed my work, they would have planned for the surge! And have add on actions like those suggested like the homeopathic remedy arsenicum album200c.

Ramaswami Ashok Kumar said...

Re:
https://blogs.agu.org/landslideblog/2021/02/15/perspectives-on-the-chamoli-debris-flow-disaster-in-uttarakhand/?unapproved=226202&moderation-hash=b59a48baf65ba1fe81073b95b9ccbc0c#comment-226202
Ramaswami Ashok Kumar says:
Your comment is awaiting moderation. This is a preview; your comment will be visible after it has been approved.
8 April 2021 at 13:14
The root cause of these disasters is World Dam Dynamics. See Ramaswami Ashok Kumar. 2021.PERFECT DESIGNS: World dam dynamics is the root cause of the ongoing flattening of the HImalayas, of the COVID19 PanDAMic waves and other irreversible effects on the earth. Blogspot. Link: https://livingnormally.blogspot.com/2021/04/world-dam-dynamics-is-root-cause-of.html
The AGU landslide blogger’s action on my comment:
Ramaswami Ashok Kumar says:
8 April 2021 at 13:14
The root cause of these disasters is World Dam Dynamics.
[Redacted]
[It really isn’t. I don’t publish conspiracy theories. D.]

This proves my point I have warned in my article. See section 1.1. From the assumptions they choose(That is, retain my first statement in my comment), redact my URL
which gives proof of my assertion: The root cause of these disasters is World Dam Dynamics. Then they make the conclusions they desire: “[It really isn’t. I don’t publish conspiracy theories. D.]”
This in true imperialist ways of the society of specialists called modern civilization: As Wendell Berry in his book The Unsettling of America: Culture and Agriculture wrote: “ In living in this world by his own will and skill, the stupidest peasant or tribesman is more competent than the most intelligent worker or technician or intellectual in a society of specialists.”
So what the AGU landslide blogger is indulging in is calumny, after removing my justification of my comment based on truth or public interest science.

Ramaswami Ashok Kumar said...

On 9th April 2021 I wrote in reply to his assertion of 8th April 2021 in his landslide blog on the Chamoli disaster:
9 April 2021
This is not a conspiracy theory. It is the truth and public interest science. Prove that it is a conspiracy theory.
See Ramaswami Ashok Kumar. 2021.PERFECT DESIGNS: World dam dynamics is the root cause of the ongoing flattening of the HImalayas, of the COVID19 PanDAMic waves and other irreversible effects on the earth. Blogspot. Link: https://livingnormally.blogspot.com/2021/04/world-dam-dynamics-is-root-cause-of.html
On 9th April 2021 he publishes in his blog my reply under comment No 7 as follows again blanking out my work’s citation:
Ramaswami Ashok Kumar says:
9 April 2021 at 12:05
This is not a conspiracy theory. It is the truth and public interest science. Prove that it is a conspiracy theory.
[Publish this in a mainstream, reputable, peer reviewed journal and I’ll consider its relevance. D.]

Note that his blog has appeared in AGU Blogosphere where everybody sees it. They have no idea what work of mine he is referring to! See Ramaswami Ashok Kumar. 2021.PERFECT DESIGNS: World dam dynamics is the root cause of the ongoing flattening of the HImalayas, of the COVID19 PanDAMic waves and other irreversible effects on the earth. Blogspot. Link: https://livingnormally.blogspot.com/2021/04/world-dam-dynamics-is-root-cause-of.html.
So there is a problem after all with calling it a conspiracy theory! Thus he is not reputed enough, mainstream enough, peer enough to judge its contents. Is the AGU Blogosphere a reputed mainstream peer reviewed stuff? All such journals are specialists like the AGU's! See the witch's brew of modern civilization at ECRR 2010 Recommendations of the European Committee on Radiation Risk :The Health Effects of Exposure to Low Doses of Ionizing Radiation Regulators' Edition Edited by Chris Busby: 3.3 Peer review, research funding, and the Scientific Consensus. My experience exactly paralleled this experience of witchcraft practiced by the specialist journals. The AGU is unable to explain the uplift or subsidence of the mountains with the weak plate tectonic forces, so a study shows with proof! See Ref 4 in my work above.

Ramaswami Ashok Kumar said...

You will read this with a strict despecialised brain:
https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/blogs/erratica/pandemic-megablockers-two-100-desi-products-researched-manufactured-and-time-tested-here-f0-9f-98-8a/
I wonder what answers the specialists offer. I do not think they have the answers. Just as they have not bothered about the consequences of modern civilization, they will remain unfazed by the perspicacious Erratica and by the following work:
Ramaswami Ashok Kumar. 2021. World dam dynamics is the root cause of the ongoing flattening of the Himalayas, of the COVID19 PanDAMic waves and other irreversible effects on the earth. Blogspot
R. Ashok Kumar, Negentropist, Bombay Sarvodaya Mandal, 299, Tardeo Road, Nana Chowk, Mumbai-400007

Ramaswami Ashok Kumar said...

https://www.thehindu.com/sci-tech/energy-and-environment/rising-global-temperatures-inexorably-closer-to-climate-tipping-point-un/article34655845.ece?homepage=true#comments_34655845
What is missing from UN report? The contribution of dams to the quick full suicide of modern civilization. Did you know that NHPC is even today CLEAR FELLING CLIMAX FORESTS? Read Ramaswami Ashok Kumar.2021. Perfect Designs: Impact of Parbati Hydroelectric Power Projects. Blogspot.
Dam caused earthquakes as they move from one earthquake to another resulted in the destruction of tunnels by rockburst because of millions of Kelvin temperature shock input to masses of rock in Kullu every second! The UN is blind. Open your eyes and brain to the khudkushi now. See the COVID19 signal from nature because of man-made climate change.

Ramaswami Ashok Kumar said...

Re: https://indianexpress.com/article/opinion/managing-risks-from-overlapping-hazards/
All these have the root cause as World Dam Dynamics. See Ramaswami Ashok Kumar. PERFECT DESIGNS: Ignore root cause, get root shock- Dams the cause of Irma's Fury.Blogspot. Forests instead of dams the answer.

Ramaswami Ashok Kumar said...

Re:https://www.thehindu.com/opinion/lead/the-message-from-the-ipcc-report/article35946913.ece?homepage=true
This article is a big zero because it ignores my work on dams as the principal cause of many catastrophes befalling the wild man and his industrial revolution. In living in this world by his own will and skill, the stupidest peasant or tribesman is more competent than the most intelligent worker or technician or intellectual in a society of specialists- Wendell Berry In the Unsettling of America- Culture and Agriculture. See Ramaswami Ashok Kumar. 2021. PERFECT DESIGNS. Blogspot. Also see by the same author,
http://modernandnormal.blogspot.com/2006/09/modern-and-normal-civilizations.html